Search | Engineering

订阅投稿

首页工程期刊工程焦点工程成就工程前沿关于我们 English

资源类型

期刊论文 151

年份

2023 14

2022 10

2021 10

2020 13

2019 10

2018 18

2017 14

2016 6

2015 7

2014 4

2013 2

2012 7

2011 4

2010 6

2009 7

2008 6

2007 3

2006 1

2005 1

2004 1

展开︾

关键词

无氢渗碳 2

21世纪海上丝绸之路 1

MOF基催化剂 1

PET酶 1

PET降解 1

SWAT-WF模块 1

Si/Al 比值 1

X射线自由电子激光 1

“trade-off”效应 1

“一带一路” 1

《联合国气候变化框架公约》(UNFCCC) 1

三维含孔洞结构 1

不良妊娠结局 1

两个市场两种资源 1

中国 1

中微子 1

亲钠性铋基材料 1

催化还原 1

共聚反应 1

展开︾

检索范围：

排序：展示方式：

An assessment of China-Japan-Korea Free Trade Agreement’s economic and environmental impacts on China

Zhaoyang LIU, Xianqiang MAO, Wei TANG, Tao HU, Peng SONG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第6期页码 849-859 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0432-9

摘要： Recently, China, Japan, and the Republic of Korea (Korea) are conducting a government-commissioned feasibility study on the Free Trade Agreement among the three countries (CJKFTA) to form a regional free trade zone in East Asia. Considering that freer trade can cause unexpected impact on domestic environment, there is a need to evaluate the environmental impact of such a trade policy. This move should be made to help negotiators understand and pay more attention to environmental issues during CJKFTA negotiations, and to help lobby with the government to carry out appropriate policy instruments for adaptation or mitigation. Following the Chain Reaction Assessment Method that integrates and links the elements of trade, production, and environment, the present research aims to quantitatively assess CJKFTA’s possible impact on China’s environment. This is done by estimating the variations of China’s major conventional pollutants and greenhouse gases (GHGs) emission in two policy scenarios to represent CJKFTA’s scale and composition effects on China’s environment. Estimating the variations is based on a static Computable General Equilibrium model, working with Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) 7 database and China’s energy-environment statistics. Based on these assessments, CJKFTA is predicted to lead to notable environmental impact, including increased emissions of agricultural total nitrogen, agricultural total phosphorus, chemical oxygen demand, and GHGs. On the other hand, decreased emissions of industrial SO and dust are also expected to happen. Suitable policies need to be made to combat negative effects and amplify positive ones, while aiming at a more sustainable regional freer trade system.

关键词： Free Trade Agreement Strategic Environmental Assessment Chain Reaction Assessment Method Computable General Equilibrium model Global Trade Analysis Project

HTML PDF 收藏

The Supply Chain Contract Design under Cap-and-Trade Mechanism with Free Riding

Fu-qiang Wang,Jun Liu

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2015年第2卷第3期页码 277-286 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2015049

摘要： This paper studies the influence of free riding on enterprise product pricing and carbon emissions reduction investment, as well as the contract design to achieve supply chain coordination under the carbon trading mechanism. First, we discuss the situation where carbon emissions reduction investment affects the product price and income. It demonstrates that the optimal investment of the upstream manufacturer increases with the degree of the free riding of the downstream manufacturer. The upstream manufacturer can improve their carbon reduction investment and the whole supply chain achieves Pareto improvement when the investment cost sharing contract is introduced. Nevertheless, under the cost-sharing contract the optimal investment of the decentralized supply chain is still lower than that of the centralized supply chain, and only in some particular cases can the two types of supply chain achieve equal total profits. Then, we preliminarily explore the situation where the product price and income is influenced by carbon emissions reduction investment. The consequences indicate that the optimal investment of the upstream manufacturers in this situation is less than the former one’s, and the transfer payment mechanism is able to improve the level of the supply chain overall carbon emissions-reduction. Moreover, compared to the former situation, the effects of free riding of the downstream manufacturer are even more serious. The conclusions can provide some intellectual support for manufacturing enterprises to make reasonable emissions reduction strategies and coordinate the supply chain existing in free riding.

关键词： carbon emissions reduction free riding supply chain contract design cap-and-trade

HTML PDF 收藏

Responding to the Paris Climate Agreement: global climate change mitigation efforts

Yong GENG, Tsuyoshi FUJITA, Anthony CHIU, Hancheng DAI, Han HAO

《能源前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第3期页码 333-337 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0587-6

摘要：

关键词： valign= top class= J_zhaiyao

HTML PDF 收藏

气候协定回顾

Lance A. Davis

《工程（英文）》 2017年第3卷第5期页码 578-579 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.05.009

HTML PDF 收藏

Impacts of inter-sectoral trade on carbon emissions—a case of China in 2007

Xiuqi FANG, Benyong WEI, Yuan WANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第3期页码 387-402 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0396-9

摘要： With the increase in international trade, more attention has been given to quantifying the impacts of international trade on energy use and carbon emissions. Input-output analysis is a suitable tool for assessing resources or pollutants embodied in trade and it has become a critical tool for performing such analysis. This study estimated the national and sectoral carbon emissions embodied in Chinese international trade using the latest available China input-output table of 2007. The results showed that a significant exporting behavior of embodied carbon emissions existed in China’s trade. Over 1/3 of the emissions in Chinese domestic production processes were generated for exports in 2007. The net balance of emissions embodied in exports and imports accounted for nearly 30% of China’s domestic emissions, which means that any policy made to increase the exports would result in a significant growth of China’s domestic emissions. Since over half of China’s export trade is processing trade, the re-exported emissions could not be overlooked; otherwise, it would hard to capture the actual emissions generated abroad to obtain China’s domestic consumption. The enlargement of export scale is a primary driven factor to the rapid growth of China’s exported emissions. It is necessary for China to adjust its economic and industrial structure to reduce the dependence of economic growth on the export trade. However, when adjusting industry structures or making policies on carbon emission reduction, it will be more reasonable to consider the relationship between production and consumption, rather than just focus on the emission values of sectors’ direct production, as a large part of carbon emissions emitted by the principal direct polluters were generated to obtain the products which were required by other sectors.

关键词： international trade carbon emissions input-output analysis China

HTML PDF 收藏

Internal incentives and operations strategies for the water-saving supply chain with cap-and-trade regulation

Zhisong CHEN, Li FANG, Huimin WANG

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2019年第6卷第1期页码 87-101 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0006-7

摘要：

Faced with the rapid development of modern industries of agriculture, manufacturing, and services, water resources are becoming increasingly scarce. Industries with high water consumption are generally regulated by the government’s water cap-and-trade (CAT) regulation to solve the contradiction between the limited water supply and the rapid growing water demand. Supply chain equilibrium and coordination models under the benchmark scenario without water saving and CAT regulation, water-saving supply chain equilibrium and coordination models under the scenario without/with CAT regulation are developed, analyzed and compared. The corresponding numerical and sensitivity analyses for all models are conducted and compared, and the managerial insights and policy recommendations are summarized in this article. The results indicate that (1) Conducting water saving could improve effectively the operational performance of the water-saving supply chain under the scenario without/with CAT regulation. (2) The coordination strategy based on the revenue sharing contract could efficiently coordinate the water-saving supply chain, enhance water consumption reduction rate, and improve the operational performance of the water-saving supply chain. (3) The implementation of CAT regulation enhances effectively water-consumption-reduction in the water-saving supply chain and improves the operational performance of water-saving supply chain. (4) Simultaneous implementation of CAT regulation by the government and adopting coordination strategy by the water-saving supply chain would be superior to any other scenarios/strategies. (5) A suitable water cap based on the industrial average water consumption and historical water consumption data are beneficial for constructing reasonable and effective incentive mechanism. (6) A higher marginal trade price could induce more reduction in water consumption and create better operational performance for the manufacturer and water-saving supply chain, both under the equilibrium and coordination strategies.

关键词： water-saving supply chain equilibrium coordination internal incentive cap and trade regulation

HTML PDF 收藏

Effects of the US withdrawal from Paris Agreement on the carbon emission space and cost of China and

Hancheng DAI, Yang XIE, Haibin ZHANG, Zhongjue YU, Wentao WANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第3期页码 362-375 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0574-y

摘要：

Climate mitigation has become a global issue and most countries have promised their greenhouse gas reduction target. However, after Trump took office as president of the United States (US), the US withdrew from the Paris Agreement. As the biggest economy, this would have impacts on the emission space of other countries. This paper, by using the integrated model of energy, environment and economy/computable general equilibrium (IMED/CGE) model, assesses the impacts of the US withdrawal from Paris Agreement on China, India in terms of carbon emission space and mitigation cost under Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) and 2°C scenarios due to changed emission pathway of the US. The results show that, under the condition of constant global cumulative carbon emissions and fixed burden sharing scheme among the countries, the failure of the US to honor its NDC commitment will increase its carbon emission space and decrease its mitigation cost. However, the carbon emission space of other regions, including China and India, will be reduced and their mitigation costs will be raised. In 2030, under the 2°C target, the carbon price will increase by US$14.3 to US$45.3/t in China and by US$10.7 to US$33.9/t in India. In addition, China and India will incur additional GDP loss. Under the 2°C target, the GDP loss of China would increase by US$23.3 to US$72.6 billion (equivalent to US$17.4 to US$54.2/capita), and that of India would rise by US$14.2 to US$43.1 billion (equivalent to US$9.3 to US$28.2/capita).

关键词： Paris Agreement China and India the US withdrawal carbon emission space mitigation cost

HTML PDF 收藏

trade-off"效应"> 口袋改造策略克服ω-氨基转移酶AtATA对1-乙酰基萘活性和稳定性之间的"trade-off"效应 Article

曹佳仁, 樊芳芳, 吕常江, 胡升, 赵伟睿, 梅家祺, 邱帅, 梅乐和, 黄俊

《工程（英文）》 2023年第30卷第11期页码 203-214 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.04.009

摘要：然而，活性和稳定性之间的“trade-off”效应限制了其在工业生产中的应用。因此，开发克服这种相互抵消的“trade-off”效应的普适方法以及获得高效催化的氨基转移酶具有重要意义。

关键词： “trade-off”效应共进化氨基转移酶口袋改造

HTML PDF trade-off"效应');" id="collect_36853"> 收藏

Quantitative analysis of CO

Xianbing LIU, Can WANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第1期页码 12-19 doi: 10.1007/s11783-009-0011-x

摘要： The increasing volume of CO embodiment in international trade adds a layer of complexity to environmental policies and has raised arguments on the traditional production based responsibility for CO emissions. In order to help understand the quantity of CO embodiment in trade and its policy implications, this paper gives observations to recently emerging literatures that quantitatively discuss CO embodiment in trade. The analytical approaches share the principle of using input and output modeling but vary dramatically in study boundary and estimation accuracy. The calculations can be roughly categorized into three types: direct quantification of CO embodiments in multiregional trade, direct quantification of CO embodiment in bilateral trade, and indirect analysis by comparing the scenarios with or without trade. The practical estimations strongly rely on trade partner selection and data availability. An obvious imbalance of net CO embodiment in the commodity trade between major developed countries and developing economies as a whole was confirmed by these literatures. Carbon taxes and other possible limitations on CO emissions have been addressed. The consistency across the calculations could be enhanced by systematic analyses in more detail to convince the international community to take binding commitments for the reduction of global CO emissions.

关键词： CO₂ embodiment international trade quantitative estimation analytical approach

HTML PDF 收藏

银行国际贸易结算系统构件化设计与实现

余金山,陈志强

《中国工程科学》 2004年第6卷第9期页码 81-87

摘要：

国际贸易结算是银行业中一种必不可少的业务，占据着重要的地位，而且随着电子商务的发展，其重要性也越来越突出。但是，这一业务的计算机化相当困难。主要原因是：操作流程复杂；组合变化太多，对灵活性有很高要求；涉及面相当广，几乎涉及银行的每一个业务品种，是一个压缩版的银行系统。因此，开发这样的系统必须采用先进的而且较为合适的方法和技术。文章提出了以构建半成品构件系统为总体思想的开发方法；在设计和实现上，提出了以数据总线为统一接口，以菜单/功能图标为总控主体框架，以基本业务操作为基本组件，并能把基本组件包装裁剪成可在主体框架控制下运行的功能构件，这样构建的系统可按实际需要进行组装、剪裁、参数设定、重新包装或经少量改写而形成一个实际可运行的系统。并提供了与银行总系统集成的灵活接口，具备了向网上银行和分布系统发展的良好基础。

关键词：银行国际贸易结算系统构件半成品系统

HTML PDF 收藏

Cell-free systems in the new age of synthetic biology

Fernando Villarreal,Cheemeng Tan

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第1期页码 58-65 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1610-x

摘要： The advent of synthetic biology has ushered in new applications of cell-free transcription-translation systems. These cell-free systems are reconstituted using cellular proteins, and are amenable to modular control of their composition. Here, we discuss the historical advancement of cell-free systems, as well as their new applications in the rapid design of synthetic genetic circuits and components, directed evolution of biomolecules, diagnosis of infectious diseases, and synthesis of vaccines. Finally, we present our vision on the future direction of cell-free synthetic biology.

关键词： cell-free system application

HTML PDF 收藏

Situation and measures of China’s CO

Jiankun HE

《能源前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第3期页码 353-361 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0564-0

摘要：

Global response to climate change has entered the phase of full implementation of the Paris Agreement. To control the global temperature rise below 2°C, all countries must make more efforts to reduce emission. China has combined its goal of emission reduction for combating climate change with its domestic sustainable development strategy to promote energy revolution and the transition of economic development to low-carbon patterns. Through reinforcing the commitment and action before 2020, the CO₂ intensity of GDP can decrease by more than 50% by 2020 compared with that of 2005, and the external commitment target of a 40%–45% decrease can be over fulfilled. Currently, under the new economic normal, China further strengthens the policy measure, vigorously saves energy, enhances energy use efficiency and the economic output benefit, and simultaneously develops new and renewable energy and accelerates energy structural decarbonization, so that the annual decrease rate of the CO₂ intensity of GDP keeps a high level of more than 4% and remains increasing. Thus, the decrease rate of the CO₂ intensity of GDP will exceed the GDP growth rate, and then CO₂ emission will peak around 2030. This will promote the fundamental turning of economic development mode, and lay a foundation for the establishment of a sustainable energy system with near-zero emissions and with new and renewable energy as the main body in the second half of this century. China implements the concept of green low-carbon development and accelerates the low carbon transition of energy and economy to achieve win-win results in economic growth and CO₂ emission mitigation, and these policies and actions will also provide experiences for many other developing countries. On the other hand, China will continue to play a positive and constructive leading role in the implementation of the Paris Agreement internationally, and promote the construction of new mechanisms of win-win cooperation, fairness and justice and common development for global climate governance. Moreover, China will make an effort to build a community of common destiny for mankind, promote pragmatic cooperation among countries, especially among developing countries, and take combating climate change as a new development opportunity for jointly moving toward climate-friendly low-carbon economic development path.

关键词： climate change the Paris Agreement energy revolution NDC (national determined contribution) goals

HTML PDF 收藏

Tackling climate change and promoting the energy revolution

Xiangwan DU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第3期页码 338-343 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0535-5

摘要：

Following the Paris Agreement, green and low-carbon development has entered into a new stage. China’s international responsibility to combat climate change is consistent with the inherent sustainable development needs of the country. In this paper, the reasonability of China’s Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDC) is examined and the fact that low-carbon development can lead to modernization is demonstrated based on data analysis of energy economics from developed countries. Considering the fact that such an energy revolution forms the basis for China’s low-carbon transition, a roadmap of the China’s energy utilization is presented. Based on research results from the Chinese Academy of Engineering, the three historical stages of China’s energy structure reform are analyzed. Promoting a low-carbon transition through an energy revolution is a long-term and arduous process that requires a genuine transformation of development outlook and patterns. By empirically analyzing situations at home and abroad, a conclusion is made that economic development and a low-carbon transition can be achieved simultaneously; specifically, low-carbon development fosters new points of economic growth and gives rise to different development paths.

关键词： climate change Paris Agreement low-carbon transition energy revolution

HTML PDF 收藏

Recent advances in cycloaddition of CO with epoxides: halogen-free catalysis and mechanistic insights

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第12期页码 1879-1894 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2354-4

摘要： The atom-economical cycloaddition of CO₂ with epoxides to synthesize cyclic carbonates is a promising route for valuable utilization of CO₂. Halogenide such as alkali metal halides and quaternary ammonium salt have been developed as the efficient catalysts. However, the spilled halogen causes equipment corrosion and affects the product purity. To address these concerns, the halogen-free cycloaddition of CO₂ with epoxides has always been desired. In this review, we systematically discussed the halogen-free catalysis for cycloaddition of CO₂ with epoxides from the mechanistic insights, aiming to promote the development of efficient halogen-free catalysts. Two types of catalysts, i.e., alternatives of halogen nucleophiles for epoxide activation, and bifunctional catalysts with Lewis acid-base sites for synergistic activation of CO₂ and epoxides are summarized and emphasized. Specially, metal oxides as the potential halogen-free catalysts are highlighted due to their flexible acid-base sites for synergistic activation of CO₂ and epoxides, facile preparation, and low cost.

关键词： carbon dioxide halogen-free catalysis cyclic carbonate mechanistic insight

HTML PDF 收藏

Hollow carbon spheres and their noble metal-free hybrids in catalysis

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第6期页码 1380-1407 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2097-z

摘要： Hollow carbon spheres have garnered great interest owing to their high surface area, large surface-to-volume ratio and reduced transmission lengths. Herein, we overview hollow carbon sphere-based materials and their noble metal-free hybrids in catalysis. Firstly, we summarize the key fabrication techniques for various kinds of hollow carbon spheres, with a particular emphasis on controlling pore structure and surface morphology, and then heterogeneous doping as well as their metal-free/containing hybrids are presented; next, possible applications for non-noble metal/hollow carbon sphere hybrids in the area of energy-related catalysis, including oxygen reduction reaction, hydrogen evolution reaction, oxygen evolution reaction, water splitting, rechargeable Zn-air batteries and pollutant degradation are discussed; finally, we introduce the various challenges and opportunities offered by hollow carbon spheres from the perspective of synthesis and catalysis.

关键词： hollow carbon spheres functionalization noble metal-free catalysis